damn_simple_architecture/compiler/src/frontend/dsc/semantic_analyser.rs

use std::collections::HashMap;

use crate::model::{
    BinaryOperator, // You'll need to add this to your imports
    CompilerError,
    Declaration,
    Dependency,
    Expression,
    Program,
    TypeId,
    UnaryOperator,
};

pub struct Analyser {
    symbol_table: HashMap<String, Declaration>,
}

const NUMERIC_TYPES: &[TypeId] = &[
    TypeId::U32,
    TypeId::I32,
    TypeId::I16,
    TypeId::U16,
    TypeId::I8,
    TypeId::U8,
];

impl Analyser {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            symbol_table: HashMap::new(),
        }
    }

    pub fn analyse(&mut self, ast: Program) -> Result<(), CompilerError> {
        // build table of global symbols.
        for dec in ast.declarations {
            let name = match dec.clone() {
                Declaration::Function { name, .. } => name,
                Declaration::Variable { var, .. } => var.name,
                Declaration::Dependency(Dependency { name, .. }) => name,
            };

            self.symbol_table.insert(name, dec);
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    fn match_type(
        actual: TypeId,
        expected: Option<TypeId>,
    ) -> Result<TypeId, CompilerError> {
        match expected {
            Some(id) => {
                if id != actual {
                    Err(CompilerError::TypeMismatch(id, actual))
                } else {
                    Ok(actual)
                }
            }
            None => Ok(actual),
        }
    }

    fn get_type(
        &mut self, // Changed from &self to &mut self since we modify expr
        expr: &mut Expression,
        expected_type: Option<TypeId>,
    ) -> Result<TypeId, CompilerError> {
        match expr {
            // Correct IFF we're expecting a void type
            Expression::Empty => Self::match_type(TypeId::Void, expected_type),

            // Correct IFF we're expecting a char type
            Expression::CharLiteral(_) => Self::match_type(TypeId::Char, expected_type),

            // Correct IFF we're expecting a string slice type
            Expression::StringLiteral(_) => {
                Self::match_type(TypeId::Ptr(Box::new(TypeId::Char)), expected_type)
            }

            Expression::Variable { name, expr_type } => {
                let actual = expr_type.clone().ok_or(CompilerError::UnknownType)?;
                Self::match_type(actual, expected_type)
            }

            Expression::Number { value, type_id } => {
                // If we already know the TypeId
                if let Some(id) = type_id {
                    return Self::match_type(id.clone(), expected_type);
                }

                // If we're expecting a type id, check it's numeric.
                // TODO: add checks to make sure it's valid for its size eg u8 cant be
                // more than 255
                if let Some(expected) = expected_type {
                    if NUMERIC_TYPES.contains(&expected) {
                        *type_id = Some(expected.clone());
                        return Ok(expected);
                    } else {
                        return Err(CompilerError::TypeMismatch(expected, TypeId::U32));
                    }
                }

                // Default to i32 if no type information is available
                *type_id = Some(TypeId::I32);
                Ok(TypeId::I32)
            }

            Expression::Binary {
                op,
                left,
                right,
                type_id,
            } => {
                // For binary operations, both operands should have compatible types
                // and the result type depends on the operation
                let left_type = self.get_type(left, None)?;
                let right_type = self.get_type(right, Some(left_type.clone()))?;

                // For numeric operations, result has the same type as operands
                if NUMERIC_TYPES.contains(&left_type)
                    && NUMERIC_TYPES.contains(&right_type)
                {
                    *type_id = Some(left_type);
                    Self::match_type(left_type, expected_type)
                } else {
                    Err(CompilerError::TypeMismatch(left_type, right_type))
                }
            }

            Expression::Unary {
                op,
                operand,
                type_id,
            } => {
                match op {
                    UnaryOperator::Plus | UnaryOperator::Minus => {
                        // Unary +/- require numeric operands
                        let inner_type = self.get_type(operand, None)?;

                        if NUMERIC_TYPES.contains(&inner_type) {
                            *type_id = Some(inner_type.clone());
                            Self::match_type(inner_type, expected_type)
                        } else {
                            Err(CompilerError::TypeMismatch(inner_type, TypeId::I32))
                        }
                    }

                    UnaryOperator::Dereference => {
                        // For dereference (*ptr), the operand must be a pointer
                        // and the result type is what the pointer points to
                        let inner_type = self.get_type(operand, None)?;

                        match inner_type {
                            TypeId::Ptr(inner) => {
                                let deref_type = *inner;
                                *type_id = Some(deref_type.clone());
                                Self::match_type(deref_type, expected_type)
                            }
                            _ => Err(CompilerError::Generic(format!(
                                "Cannot dereference non-pointer type: {:?}",
                                inner_type
                            ))),
                        }
                    }

                    UnaryOperator::Reference => {
                        // For reference (&var), we need to determine what we're taking
                        // a reference to, then wrap it in a Ptr
                        // If expected_type is Ptr(T), then operand should have type T
                        let expected_inner = match expected_type.clone() {
                            Some(TypeId::Ptr(inner)) => Some(*inner),
                            _ => None,
                        };

                        let inner_type = self.get_type(operand, expected_inner)?;
                        let ref_type = TypeId::Ptr(Box::new(inner_type));
                        *type_id = Some(ref_type.clone());
                        Self::match_type(ref_type, expected_type)
                    }
                }
            }

            Expression::Call {
                name,
                args,
                type_id,
            } => match self.symbol_table.get(&name.name) {
                Some(Declaration::Function {
                    params,
                    return_type,
                    ..
                }) => {
                    // check that we've given the right number of arguments.
                    if args.len() != params.len() {
                        return Err(CompilerError::Generic(format!(
                            "Function {} expected {} arguments but received {}",
                            name.name,
                            params.len(),
                            args.len()
                        )));
                    }

                    for (arg, param) in args.iter_mut().zip(params.iter()) {
                        // check that the argument type matches the parameter type.
                        let provided_type = self.get_type(arg, Some(param.type_id))?;
                        if provided_type != param.type_id {
                            return Err(CompilerError::TypeMismatch(
                                param.type_id,
                                provided_type,
                            ));
                        }
                    }

                    *type_id = Some(return_type.clone());
                    Self::match_type(return_type.clone(), expected_type)
                }
                _ => Err(CompilerError::Generic(format!(
                    "Function {} not found in symbol table",
                    name.name
                ))),
            },
        }
    }
}