commented out debug print statements and removed some commented out code that's no longer needed

assembler/src/util/logging.rs

@@ -2,107 +2,38 @@
 #![allow(unused)]
 use std::{fmt, sync::mpsc::Sender};
 
-// pub struct Logger {}
-
-// impl Logger {
-//     pub const fn new() -> Self {
-//         Self {}
+// pub struct Entry {
+//     etype: EntryType,
+//     pub message: String,
 // }
 
-//     pub fn log(&self, message: &str) {
-//         _ = self;
-//         println!("\x1b[32mINFO:\x1b[0m {message}");
+// #[derive(Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
+// enum EntryType {
+//     Debug,
+//     Info,
+//     Warn,
+//     Error,
+//     Fatal,
+// }
+
+// impl fmt::Display for EntryType {
+//     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+//         write!(
+//             f,
+//             "{:<5}",
+//             match self {
+//                 Self::Debug => "DEBUG",
+//                 Self::Info => "INFO",
+//                 Self::Warn => "WARN",
+//                 Self::Error => "ERROR",
+//                 Self::Fatal => "FATAL",
+//             }
+//         )
 //     }
 // }
 
-// #[derive(Debug)]=
-// pub struct Logger {
-//     pub sender: Sender<Entry>,
-// }
-
-// impl Logger {
-//     pub fn new(sender: Sender<Entry>) -> Self {
-//         Self { sender }
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn debug<T: fmt::Display>(&self, message: T) {
-//         self.sender
-//             .send(Entry {
-//                 etype: EntryType::Debug,
-//                 message: message.to_string(),
-//             })
-//             .unwrap();
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn info<T: fmt::Display>(&self, message: T) {
-//         self.sender
-//             .send(Entry {
-//                 etype: EntryType::Info,
-//                 message: message.to_string(),
-//             })
-//             .unwrap();
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn warn<T: fmt::Display>(&self, message: T) {
-//         self.sender
-//             .send(Entry {
-//                 etype: EntryType::Warn,
-//                 message: message.to_string(),
-//             })
-//             .unwrap();
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn error<T: fmt::Display>(&self, message: T) {
-//         self.sender
-//             .send(Entry {
-//                 etype: EntryType::Error,
-//                 message: message.to_string(),
-//             })
-//             .unwrap();
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn fatal<T: fmt::Display>(&self, message: T) {
-//         self.sender
-//             .send(Entry {
-//                 etype: EntryType::Fatal,
-//                 message: message.to_string(),
-//             })
-//             .unwrap();
+// impl fmt::Display for Entry {
+//     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+//         write!(f, "{}: {}", self.etype, self.message)
 //     }
 // }
-
-pub struct Entry {
-    etype: EntryType,
-    pub message: String,
-}
-
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
-enum EntryType {
-    Debug,
-    Info,
-    Warn,
-    Error,
-    Fatal,
-}
-
-impl fmt::Display for EntryType {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        write!(
-            f,
-            "{:<5}",
-            match self {
-                Self::Debug => "DEBUG",
-                Self::Info => "INFO",
-                Self::Warn => "WARN",
-                Self::Error => "ERROR",
-                Self::Fatal => "FATAL",
-            }
-        )
-    }
-}
-
-impl fmt::Display for Entry {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "{}: {}", self.etype, self.message)
-    }
-}

compiler/src/frontend/dsc/mod.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ pub fn generate_ast(input: &str, logger: &Logger) -> Result<Program, CompilerErr
 
     let lexer = lexer::Lexer::new(&input);
     let tokens = lexer.collect::<Vec<_>>();
-    println!("{tokens:#?}");
+
+    // println!("{tokens:#?}");
 
     logger.info(&format!("Parsing {} Tokens...", tokens.len()));
 

compiler/src/frontend/dsc/parser.rs

@@ -800,8 +800,6 @@ impl Parser {
     }
 
     fn parse_type(&mut self) -> ParseResult<TypeId, CompilerError> {
-        println!("yes {:?}", self.peek_next()?);
-
         // parse primitive or named type
         if expect_tt!(self.peek_next()?, Identifier).accepted() {
             return self.parse_type_identifier();

emulator/src/emulator/cli.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::thread::sleep;
+use std::time::Duration;
+use std::{env, fs};
+
+use crate::emulator::system::model::{Command, Running};
+use crate::emulator::{config::Config, system::model::State};
+
+pub fn run_cli() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    // Initialize channels and read in configuration.
+    let (cmd_sender, cmd_receiver) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
+    let (state_sender, state_reciever) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
+
+    // not needed for now.
+    // let config = Config::load(Path::new(".dsa.emulator.toml"))?;
+
+    crate::setup_emulator(cmd_receiver, state_sender, None);
+
+    // run CLI.
+    let mut state = State::new(cmd_sender, state_reciever);
+
+    let mut bin_path: Option<String> = None;
+    for (i, arg) in env::args().enumerate().skip(1) {
+        // check for args --bin and <bin_path>
+        if arg == "--bin" {
+            bin_path = Some(env::args().nth(i + 1).expect("Binary path not provided"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    let binary =
+        fs::read(bin_path.expect("unreachable")).expect("unable to read binary file");
+    state.send(Command::Write(0, binary));
+    println!("{:?}", state.running);
+
+    sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));
+
+    state.update().unwrap();
+    state.cmd_sender.send(Command::Start).unwrap();
+    loop {
+        sleep(Duration::from_millis(20));
+        state.send(Command::DisplayRequest);
+        state.send(Command::RunningRequest);
+        state.update().expect("update failed");
+
+        for ch in state.serial_buff.drain(..) {
+            print!("{}", ch as char);
+        }
+
+        if state.running == Running::Halted {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}

emulator/src/emulator/mod.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+pub mod cli;
 #[cfg(feature = "config")]
 pub mod config;
 pub mod misc;

emulator/src/emulator/system/constants.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+pub const DISPLAY_ADDRESS: u32 = 0x20000;
+pub const SERIAL_ADDRESS: u32 = DISPLAY_ADDRESS + 2000;

emulator/src/emulator/system/emulator.rs

@@ -135,6 +135,9 @@ pub fn run_emulator(
                             Vec::new()
                         }),
                     ));
+                    let _ = state_tx.send(StateUpdate::Serial(
+                        processor.serial_buff.drain(..).collect(),
+                    ));
                 }
                 Command::StackRequest if update => {
                     let _ = state_tx.send(StateUpdate::StackView(

emulator/src/emulator/system/mod.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 pub mod cache;
+pub mod constants;
 pub mod emulator;
 pub mod memory;
 pub mod model;

emulator/src/emulator/system/model.rs

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ pub enum Command {
     WriteBlock(Address, Box<[u8; 256]>),
 
     // request emulator state.
+    SerialRequest,
     MemRequest(Address, u32),
     DisplayRequest,
     StackRequest,
@@ -79,6 +80,7 @@ pub struct State {
     pub error_log: Vec<String>,
 
     pub instruction_history: Vec<(u32, u32)>,
+    pub serial_buff: Vec<u8>,
 }
 
 impl State {
@@ -95,6 +97,7 @@ impl State {
             display_view: vec![],
             error_log: vec![],
             instruction_history: vec![],
+            serial_buff: vec![],
         }
     }
 
@@ -121,6 +124,9 @@ impl State {
                 StateUpdate::InstructionHistory(history) => {
                     self.instruction_history.extend(history);
                 }
+                StateUpdate::Serial(buffer) => {
+                    self.serial_buff.extend(buffer);
+                }
             }
 
             if self.error_log.len() > 256 {
@@ -148,6 +154,7 @@ impl State {
 
 pub enum StateUpdate {
     Registers(RegFile),
+    Serial(Vec<u8>),
     Running(Running),
     Instructions(usize),
     StackView(Vec<u8>),

emulator/src/emulator/system/processor/mod.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use std::{
 
 use crate::emulator::system::{
     cache::Cache,
+    constants::{DISPLAY_ADDRESS, SERIAL_ADDRESS},
     memory::MemoryUnit,
     model::{IODevice, ProcessorError, RegFile},
 };
@@ -19,6 +20,8 @@ pub struct Processor {
 
     pub void: u32,
     pub cache: Cache,
+
+    pub serial_buff: Vec<u8>,
 }
 
 impl Processor {
@@ -31,6 +34,8 @@ impl Processor {
             io_devices,
             void: 0,
             cache: Cache::new(),
+
+            serial_buff: Vec::with_capacity(32768),
         }
     }
 
@@ -97,7 +102,7 @@ impl Processor {
     }
 
     pub fn display(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ProcessorError> {
-        Ok(self.memory.read_range(0x20000, 2000))
+        Ok(self.memory.read_range(DISPLAY_ADDRESS, 2000))
     }
 
     pub fn cmp(&mut self, a: u32, b: u32) {
@@ -267,30 +272,41 @@ impl Executable for Instruction {
             // Stores a byte from SrcReg in memory address (base + offset) The effective
             // address must be byte-aligned.
             Self::StoreByte(a) => {
-                cpu.memory.write_byte(
-                    cpu.get(a.r2)? + u32::from(a.immediate),
-                    cpu.get(a.r1)? as u8,
-                );
+                let addr = cpu.get(a.r2)? + u32::from(a.immediate);
+                let val = cpu.get(a.r1)? as u8;
+                if addr == SERIAL_ADDRESS {
+                    cpu.serial_buff.push(val);
+                }
+                cpu.memory.write_byte(addr, val);
             }
 
             // Stores a half-word from SrcReg in memory address (base + offset) The
             // effective address must be 2-byte-aligned.
             Self::StoreHalfword(a) => {
-                // split the value into bytes and then write two bytes
+                let addr = cpu.get(a.r2)? + u32::from(a.immediate);
                 let bytes = (cpu.get(a.r1)? as u16).to_le_bytes();
-                cpu.memory
-                    .write_byte(cpu.get(a.r2)? + u32::from(a.immediate), bytes[0]);
-                cpu.memory
-                    .write_byte(cpu.get(a.r2)? + u32::from(a.immediate) + 1, bytes[1]);
+
+                if addr == SERIAL_ADDRESS {
+                    cpu.serial_buff.extend(bytes);
+                }
+
+                // split the value into bytes and then write two bytes
+                cpu.memory.write_byte(addr, bytes[0]);
+                cpu.memory.write_byte(addr + 1, bytes[1]);
             }
 
             // Stores a word from SrcReg in memory address (base + offset) The effective
             // address must be 4-byte-aligned.
             Self::StoreWord(a) => {
-                cpu.memory.write_word(
-                    cpu.get(a.r2)? + u32::from(a.immediate),
-                    cpu.get(a.r1)?,
-                )?;
+                let addr = cpu.get(a.r2)? + u32::from(a.immediate);
+                let val = cpu.get(a.r1)?;
+                let bytes = val.to_le_bytes();
+
+                if addr == SERIAL_ADDRESS {
+                    cpu.serial_buff.extend(bytes);
+                }
+
+                cpu.memory.write_word(addr, val)?;
             }
 
             // Loads a 16-bit literal value into reg, setting the bottom 16 bits of the

emulator/src/emulator/ui/editor.rs

@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ impl Editor {
                     }
 
                     let mut assembler = Assembler::new(&dsa_path);
-                    compiler.start();
+                    assembler.start();
 
                     // Or block until done
                     self.output = match assembler.output() {

emulator/src/main.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
+use std::env;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use dsa_rs::emulator::{config::Config, misc::rpc::get_rpc_client_or_none};
 
 fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    if env::args().any(|arg| arg == "--cli") {
+        dsa_rs::emulator::cli::run_cli()?;
+        std::process::exit(0);
+    }
+
     // Initialize channels and read in configuration.
     let (cmd_sender, cmd_receiver) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
     let (state_sender, state_reciever) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();

resources/dsa/lib/io/serial.dsa

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+// lib:
+// print_serial.dsa
+
+// usage:
+//
+// include print_serial "<relative path>"
+//
+// usage for print:
+//      push (register containing address of string)
+//      push pcx
+//      jmp print_serial::print
+//
+// usage for print_byte:
+//      push (register containing byte)
+//      push pcx
+//      jmp print_serial::print_byte
+//
+// usage for print_word:
+//      push (register containing word)
+//      push pcx
+//      jmp print_serial::print_word
+//
+// usage for print_hex_byte:
+//      push (register containing byte)
+//      push pcx
+//      jmp print_serial::print_hex_byte
+//
+// usage for print_hex_word:
+//      push (register containing word)
+//      push pcx
+//      jmp print_serial::print_hex_word
+//
+// usage for print_num:
+//      push (register containing number to print in decimal)
+//      push pcx
+//      jmp print_serial::print_num
+//
+// usage for println:
+//      push (register containing address of string)
+//      push pcx
+//      jmp print_serial::println
+//
+
+include maths "../maths/core.dsa"
+
+dw serial: 0x207D0      // 0x20000 + 2000
+
+// ------------------------------------------
+// prints the string at addr(arg[0]) to the serial port.
+print:
+    push bpr
+    mov spr, bpr
+
+    ldw bpr, rg0, 8
+    lwi 0x207D0, rg1
+
+_print_loop:
+    ldb rg0, acc
+    cmp acc, zero
+    jeq _end
+    stb acc, rg1
+
+    addi rg0, 1
+    jmp _print_loop
+
+// ------------------------------------------
+// prints the string at addr(arg[0]) followed by a newline to the serial port.
+println:
+    push bpr
+    mov spr, bpr
+
+    ldw bpr, rg0, 8
+    lwi 0x207D0, rg1
+
+_println_loop:
+    ldb rg0, acc
+    cmp acc, zero
+    jeq _println_end
+    stb acc, rg1
+
+    addi rg0, 1
+    jmp _println_loop
+
+_println_end:
+    lli 0x0A, rg2       // newline character
+    stb rg2, rg1
+    jmp _end
+
+// ------------------------------------------
+// prints the word in arg[0] as 4 raw bytes to the serial port.
+print_word:
+    push bpr
+    mov spr, bpr
+
+    ldw bpr, rg0, 8
+    lwi 0x207D0, rg1
+
+    stb rg0, rg1
+    shr rg0, 8
+    stb rg0, rg1
+    shr rg0, 8
+    stb rg0, rg1
+    shr rg0, 8
+    stb rg0, rg1
+    jmp _end
+
+// ------------------------------------------
+// prints the last byte of arg[0] to the serial port.
+print_byte:
+    push bpr
+    mov spr, bpr
+
+    ldw bpr, rg0, 8
+    lwi 0x207D0, rg1
+
+    stb rg0, rg1
+    jmp _end
+
+// ------------------------------------------
+// prints the value of arg[0] to the serial port in hex.
+print_hex_word:
+    push bpr
+    mov spr, bpr
+
+    lwi 0x207D0, rg1
+
+    ldb bpr, rg0, 8
+    push rg0
+    call _print_hex_byte
+    addi spr, 4
+
+    ldb bpr, rg0, 9
+    push rg0
+    call _print_hex_byte
+    addi spr, 4
+
+    ldb bpr, rg0, 10
+    push rg0
+    call _print_hex_byte
+    addi spr, 4
+
+    ldb bpr, rg0, 11
+    push rg0
+    call _print_hex_byte
+    addi spr, 4
+
+    jmp _end
+
+// ------------------------------------------
+// prints the last byte of arg[0] to the serial port in hex.
+print_hex_byte:
+    push bpr
+    mov spr, bpr
+
+    ldw bpr, rg0, 8
+    lwi 0x207D0, rg1
+
+    call _print_hex_byte
+    jmp _end
+
+// function body
+_print_hex_byte:
+    lli 0xF, rg2
+    push rg0
+
+    shr rg0, 4
+    and rg0, rg2, rg0
+    call _print_hex_nibble
+    pop rg0
+
+    and rg0, rg2, rg0
+    call _print_hex_nibble
+    return
+
+// print a hex digit
+_print_hex_nibble:
+    lli 10, rg3
+    cmp rg0, rg3
+    jlt _print_hex_nibble_number
+    addi rg0, 0x37, rg0
+    stb rg0, rg1
+    return
+
+_print_hex_nibble_number:
+    addi rg0, 0x30, rg0
+    stb rg0, rg1
+    return
+
+// ------------------------------------------
+// prints arg[0] as a decimal number to the serial port.
+print_num:
+    push bpr
+    mov spr, bpr
+
+    ldw bpr, rg0, 8
+    lli 0, rg5
+
+    cmp rg0, zero
+    jne _print_num_extract_digits
+
+    lli 0x30, rg6
+    push rg6
+    lli 1, rg5
+    jmp _print_num_output
+
+_print_num_extract_digits:
+    cmp rg0, zero
+    jeq _print_num_output
+
+    push rg0
+    lli 10, rg1
+    push rg1
+    call maths::divmod
+    pop rg0
+    pop rg1
+
+    addi rg1, 0x30, rg6
+    push rg6
+    inc rg5
+
+    jmp _print_num_extract_digits
+
+_print_num_output:
+    lwi 0x207D0, rg1
+
+_print_num_output_loop:
+    cmp rg5, zero
+    jeq _print_num_done
+
+    pop rg6
+    stb rg6, rg1
+    dec rg5
+
+    jmp _print_num_output_loop
+
+_print_num_done:
+    // fall through to _end
+
+// ------------------------------------------
+// return
+_end:
+    mov bpr, spr
+    pop bpr
+    return

resources/dsa/main.dsa

@@ -1,12 +1,143 @@
-// program to just test compute power
+// GENERATED BY DSC COMPILER
+// Generated at 2026-02-23 17:29:47
 
-dw large_num: 0x333333 // 333,333 instructions
-start:
-	ldw large_num, rg0
+// Imports
+include print: "./lib/io/print.dsa"
+include alloc: "./lib/memory/block_alloc.dsa"
 
-// run approx 1m instructions
-loop:
-	dec rg0
-	cmp rg0, zero
-	jgt loop
+// Globals & Reserved Memory
+
+// Entry Point
+dw stack: 0x010000
+db message: "Process Exited with code:"
+_init:
+    ldw stack, bpr, 0
+    mov bpr, spr
+    push zero
+    call main
+    call print::print_newline
+    lwi message, rg0
+    push rg0
+    call print::print
+    pop zero
+    call print::print_hex_word
+    pop zero
     hlt
+
+// Return
+_ret:
+    mov bpr, spr
+    pop bpr
+    return
+
+db str_16: "successful free of ptr"
+// fn main() -> u32
+main:
+    push bpr
+    mov spr, bpr
+    lli 32, rg0
+    lli 64, rg1
+    // push arg 1
+    push rg0
+    // push arg 0
+    push rg1
+    call alloc::init
+    pop rg2
+    pop zero
+    push rg2
+    // push arg 0
+    push rg2
+    call print::print_hex_word
+    pop zero
+    call print::print_newline
+    ldw spr, rg0, 0
+    stw rg0, spr, 0
+    // push arg 0
+    push rg0
+    call alloc::alloc
+    pop rg1
+    push rg1
+    // push arg 0
+    push rg1
+    call print::print_hex_word
+    pop zero
+    lli 200, rg0
+    ldw spr, rg1, 0
+    stw rg0, rg1, 0
+    stw rg1, spr, 0
+    call print::print_newline
+    ldw spr, rg0, 4
+    stw rg0, spr, 4
+    // push arg 0
+    push rg0
+    call alloc::alloc
+    pop rg2
+    push rg2
+    // push arg 0
+    push rg2
+    call print::print_hex_word
+    pop zero
+    call print::print_newline
+    ldw spr, rg0, 4
+    ldw rg0, rg2, 0
+    stw rg0, spr, 4
+    // push arg 0
+    push rg2
+    call print::print_num
+    pop zero
+    ldw spr, rg2, 4
+    stw rg2, spr, 4
+    addi spr, 4, rg3
+    ldw spr, rg2, 8
+    stw rg2, spr, 8
+    // push arg 1
+    push rg3
+    // push arg 0
+    push rg2
+    call alloc::free
+    pop zero
+    pop zero
+    ldw spr, rg2, 8
+    stw rg2, spr, 8
+    // push arg 0
+    push rg2
+    call alloc::alloc
+    pop rg3
+    push rg3
+    call print::print_newline
+    ldw spr, rg2, 0
+    stw rg2, spr, 0
+    // push arg 0
+    push rg2
+    call print::print_hex_word
+    pop zero
+    call print::print_newline
+    ldw spr, rg2, 8
+    stw rg2, spr, 8
+    // push arg 0
+    push rg2
+    call print::print_hex_word
+    pop zero
+    ldw spr, rg2, 8
+    lli 0, rg4
+    cmp rg2, rg4
+    lli 1, rg5
+    jeq _cmp_end_12
+    lli 0, rg5
+_cmp_end_12:
+    cmp rg5, zero
+    jeq _else_14
+_then_13:
+    lwi str_16, rg4
+    stw rg2, spr, 8
+    // push arg 0
+    push rg4
+    call print::print
+    pop zero
+    jmp _end_15
+_else_14:
+    nop
+_end_15:
+    lli 0, rg4
+    stw rg4, bpr, 8
+    jmp _ret