extracted emulator backend into independent crate

dsa/assembler/src/disassembler.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+use std::fs;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::io::{Cursor, Read, Seek, SeekFrom, Write};
+use std::fs::File;
+use binrw::{binrw, BinRead, binwrite, NullString, BinReaderExt, BinWriterExt, BinWrite};
+
+use common::prelude::Instruction;
+use crate::assembler::Symbol;
+
+pub fn disassemble(in_path: PathBuf, out_path: PathBuf) -> Result<(), String> {
+
+    let Ok(content) = fs::read(in_path) else {
+        return Err(String::new())
+    };
+
+    for (line_num, chunk) in content.chunks(4).enumerate() {
+        let address = line_num * 4;
+
+        let value = u32::from_le_bytes(*chunk.as_array().unwrap());
+        println!("{:#?}", Instruction(value));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+
+#[binrw]
+#[brw(magic = b"DSAX", little)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct DseHeader {
+    version: u16,
+    flags: u16,
+    entry_point: u32,
+
+    symbol_table_offset: u32,
+    symbol_table_size: u32,
+
+    string_table_offset: u32,
+    string_table_size: u32,
+
+    data_offset: u32,
+    data_size: u32,
+
+    text_offset: u32,
+    text_size: u32
+}
+
+#[binrw]
+#[brw(little)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct SymbolEntry {
+    name_offset: u32,
+    value: u32,
+    section: u8,
+    binding: u8,
+    _pad: u16
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct DseExecutable {
+    header: DseHeader,
+    symbols: Vec<SymbolEntry>,
+    string_table: Vec<u8>,
+    data: Vec<u8>,
+    text: Vec<u32>
+}
+
+impl DseExecutable {
+    fn load(path: PathBuf) -> binrw::BinResult<Self> {
+        let mut file = File::open(path).map_err(|e| binrw::Error::Io(e))?;
+        Self::read(&mut file)
+    }
+
+    fn read<R: Read + Seek>(reader: &mut R) -> binrw::BinResult<Self> {
+        let header = DseHeader::read(reader)?;
+
+        reader.seek(SeekFrom::Start(header.symbol_table_offset as u64))?;
+        let symbols: Vec<SymbolEntry> = (0..header.symbol_table_size)
+            .map(|_| SymbolEntry::read(reader))
+            .collect::<binrw::BinResult<_>>()?;
+
+        reader.seek(SeekFrom::Start(header.string_table_offset as u64))?;
+        let mut string_table = vec![0u8; header.string_table_size as usize];
+        reader.read_exact(&mut string_table).map_err(|e| binrw::Error::Io(e))?;
+
+        reader.seek(SeekFrom::Start(header.data_offset as u64))?;
+        let mut data = vec![0u8; header.data_size as usize];
+        reader.read_exact(&mut data).map_err(|e| binrw::Error::Io(e))?;
+
+        reader.seek(SeekFrom::Start(header.text_offset as u64))?;
+        let text: Vec<u32> = (0..header.text_size)
+            .map(|_| reader.read_le::<u32>())
+            .collect::<binrw::BinResult<_>>()?;
+
+        Ok(DseExecutable { header, symbols, string_table, data, text })
+    }
+
+    fn save(&self, path: PathBuf) -> binrw::BinResult<()> {
+        let mut file = File::create(path)
+            .map_err(|e| binrw::Error::Io(e))?;
+        self.write(&mut file)
+    }
+
+    fn write<W: Write + Seek>(&self, writer: &mut W) -> binrw::BinResult<()> {
+        self.header.write(writer)?;
+
+        for symbol in &self.symbols {
+            symbol.write(writer)?;
+        }
+
+        writer.write_all(&self.string_table)?;
+        writer.write_all(&self.data)?;
+
+        for word in &self.text {
+            writer.write_le(word)?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn new(
+        symbols: &[SymbolEntry],
+        string_table: &[u8],
+        data: &[u8],
+        text: &[u32],
+        entry_point: u32,
+    ) -> DseExecutable {
+        const HEADER_SIZE: u32 = 4 + 2 + 2 + 4 + 4*2 + 4*2 + 4*2 + 4*2; // adjust to actual packed size
+
+        let symbol_table_offset = HEADER_SIZE;
+        let symbol_table_size = symbols.len() as u32 * 8; // 4+4+1+1+2 padded = 8 bytes each
+        let string_table_offset = symbol_table_offset + symbol_table_size;
+        let data_offset = string_table_offset + string_table.len() as u32;
+        let text_offset = data_offset + data.len() as u32;
+
+        let header = DseHeader {
+            version: 1,
+            flags: 0,
+            entry_point,
+            symbol_table_offset,
+            symbol_table_size: symbols.len() as u32,
+            string_table_offset,
+            string_table_size: string_table.len() as u32,
+            data_offset,
+            data_size: data.len() as u32,
+            text_offset,
+            text_size: text.len() as u32,
+        };
+
+        DseExecutable {
+            header,
+            symbols: symbols.to_vec(),
+            string_table: string_table.to_vec(),
+            data: data.to_vec(),
+            text: text.to_vec(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+

dsa/common/src/isa/register.rs

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for Register {
 
 impl Register {
     /// Total number of registers, not counting Null as it's not a real register.
-    /// reading or writing to Null is undefined behaviour.
+    /// reading or writing to Null is undefined behaviour!!
     pub const COUNT: u8 = Self::Null as u8;
 
     /// # Safety

dsa/emulator/backend/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[package]
+name = "emu_core"
+edition.workspace = true
+version.workspace = true
+authors.workspace = true
+
+[lib]
+name = "emu_core"
+path = "src/lib.rs"
+
+[dependencies]
+arc-swap = "1.9.2"
+common = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../../common" }
+serde = { version = "1.0.228", features = ["derive"] }
+ron = "0.12.2"

dsa/emulator/backend/src/config/default/dsa.iomap.ron

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+/* @[crate::config::IoMap] */
+IoMap(
+    items: [
+        IoMapping(
+            device: "Display",
+            base: 0x0002_0000,
+            size: 0x0000_07D0, // 2000 bytes (80x25)
+        ),
+    ]
+)

dsa/emulator/backend/src/config/default/dsa.mmap.ron

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* @[crate::config::MemoryMap] */
 MemoryMap(
     table_addr: 0x1000,
     regions: [

dsa/emulator/backend/src/config/default/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+pub const DEFAULT_MEMORY_MAP: &'static str = include_str!("./dsa.mmap.ron");
+pub const DEFAULT_IO_MAP: &'static str = include_str!("./dsa.iomap.ron");

dsa/emulator/backend/src/config/mod.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use crate::config::default::{DEFAULT_IO_MAP, DEFAULT_MEMORY_MAP};
+use crate::memory::mmu::MMU;
+use crate::memory::PhysAddr;
+use crate::processor::processor::Emulator;
 
-use crate::{
-    Emulator,
-    backend::memory::{PhysAddr, mmu::MMU},
-    // io::DeviceId,
-};
+mod default;
 
 pub const VERSION: &str = env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION");
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ pub struct Region {
     pub size: u32,
     pub region_type: RegionType,
 
-    // flags for the emulator
+    // flags for the ui
     #[serde(default)]
     pub identity_map_on_boot: bool,
 }
@@ -38,11 +38,26 @@ pub struct MemoryMap {
 
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct IoMapping {
-    // pub device: DeviceId,
+    pub device: String,
     pub base: u32,
     pub size: u32,
 }
 
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct IoMap { items: Vec<IoMapping> }
+
+impl Default for IoMap {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        ron::from_str(DEFAULT_IO_MAP).unwrap()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for MemoryMap {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        ron::from_str(DEFAULT_MEMORY_MAP).unwrap()
+    }
+}
+
 impl MemoryMap {
     pub const DEFAULT_MEMORY_MAP_ADDR: PhysAddr = 0x1000;
 

dsa/emulator/backend/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#![feature(likely_unlikely)]
+
+pub mod processor;
+pub mod memory;
+pub mod config;

dsa/emulator/backend/src/memory/mmu.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::backend::memory::{FaultInfo, PhysAddr, VirtAddr, tlb::TLB};
+use crate::memory::{FaultInfo, PhysAddr, VirtAddr, tlb::TLB};
 
 pub struct MMU {
     buffer: TLB,

dsa/emulator/backend/src/memory/ram.rs

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ pub use bulkalloc::BulkAllocStore;
 // #[cfg(feature = "mainstore-prealloc")]
 // pub use prealloc::PreAllocStore;
 
-use crate::backend::memory::PhysAddr;
+use crate::memory::PhysAddr;
 
 #[repr(transparent)]
 #[derive(Clone)]

dsa/emulator/backend/src/memory/tlb.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::backend::memory::{PhysAddr, VirtAddr};
+use crate::memory::{PhysAddr, VirtAddr};
 
 const TLB_SIZE: usize = 256;
 const TLB_MASK: u32 = (TLB_SIZE - 1) as u32;

dsa/emulator/backend/src/processor/processor.rs

@@ -10,13 +10,22 @@ use std::{
     time::{Duration, Instant},
 };
 
-use crate::{
-    MemoryBank, Page, SharedState,
-    backend::{memory::mmu::MMU, processor::interrupts::Interrupt},
-    config::{MemoryMap, RegionType},
+use common::{
+    isa::instructions::{Instruction, Opcode},
+    isa::register::Register
 };
-use common::isa::instructions::{Instruction, Opcode};
-use common::isa::register::Register;
+use crate::{
+    memory::{
+        mmu::MMU,
+        ram::MemoryBank
+    },
+    processor::{
+        interrupts::Interrupt,
+        state::SharedState
+    }
+};
+use crate::config::{MemoryMap, RegionType};
+use crate::memory::ram::Page;
 
 pub struct Emulator {
     internal_state: ProcessorSnapshot,
@@ -197,13 +206,13 @@ impl Emulator {
                 return;
             }
 
-            // UI is resetting the emulator
+            // UI is resetting the ui
             self.check_update();
         }
     }
 
     pub fn run(&mut self) -> Result<(), String> {
-        // wait for UI to initialise emulator.
+        // wait for UI to initialise ui.
         if self.shared_state.paused.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
             self.wait_for_instructions();
         }
@@ -324,9 +333,15 @@ impl Emulator {
                     )
                 }
                 Some(Opcode::Ldh) => {
-                    *self.mut_reg(word.dest_uc()) = u32::from(
-                        self.mem_read_word(self.reg(word.src1_uc()) + word.imm16() as u32) >> 16,
-                    )
+                    let addr = self.reg(word.src1_uc()) + word.imm16() as u32;
+
+                    let hi = self.mem_read_byte(addr) as u32;
+                    let lo = self.mem_read_byte(addr + 1) as u32;
+                    *self.mut_reg(word.dest_uc()) = (hi << 8) | lo;
+
+                    // *self.mut_reg(word.dest_uc()) = u32::from(
+                    //     self.mem_read_word(self.reg(word.src1_uc()) + word.imm16() as u32) >> 16,
+                    // )
                 }
                 Some(Opcode::Ldw) => {
                     *self.mut_reg(word.dest_uc()) = u32::from(
@@ -515,7 +530,7 @@ impl Emulator {
     #[inline]
     fn mem_write_byte(&mut self, addr: u32, val: u8) {
         if addr == 0x40000 || addr == 0x40001 || addr == 0x40002 || addr == 0x40003 {
-            eprintln!("emulator wrote 0x{:08x} to uart + {}", val, addr - 0x40000);
+            eprintln!("ui wrote 0x{:08x} to uart + {}", val, addr - 0x40000);
 
             if addr == 0x40001 || addr == 0x40003 {
                 eprintln!("writing char {} to uart + {}", val as char, addr - 0x40000);

dsa/emulator/backend/src/processor/state.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, atomic::AtomicBool, mpsc};
 
 use arc_swap::ArcSwap;
 
-use crate::backend::processor::processor::ProcessorSnapshot;
+use crate::processor::processor::ProcessorSnapshot;
 
 use super::interrupts::Interrupt;
 

dsa/emulator/frontend/Cargo.toml

@@ -22,15 +22,16 @@ fxhash = "0.2.1"
 ron = "0.12.0"
 serde = { version = "1.0.228", features = ["derive"] }
 
-common = { path = "../common" }
+common = { path = "../../common" }
 egui = "0.33.3"
 eframe = "0.33.3"
 egui_tiles = "0.14.1"
 egui_code_editor = "0.2.21"
 egui_file = "0.25.0"
 dirs = "6.0.0"
-assembler = { path = "../assembler" }
+assembler = { path = "../../assembler" }
 egui_extras = "0.33.3"
+emu_core = { version = "0.3.0", path = "../backend" }
 
 [features]
 default = ["mainstore-prealloc"]

dsa/emulator/frontend/src/args.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use std::{fs, path::PathBuf};
 
 use clap::Parser;
 
-use crate::config::{IoMapping, MemoryMap};
+use emu_core::config::{IoMap, IoMapping, MemoryMap};
 
 #[derive(Parser, Debug)]
 #[command(version, about, long_about = None)]
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ impl DsaArgs {
                     .and_then(|map| ron::from_str(&map).ok())
             })
             .unwrap_or_else(|| {
-                ron::from_str(include_str!("./config/default/dsa.mmap.ron")).unwrap()
+                MemoryMap::default()
             })
     }
 
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ impl DsaArgs {
             .and_then(|path| Some(fs::read(path).unwrap()))
     }
 
-    pub fn get_io_map(&self) -> Vec<IoMapping> {
+    pub fn get_io_map(&self) -> IoMap {
         self.io_map
             .as_ref()
             .and_then(|m| {
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ impl DsaArgs {
                     .and_then(|map| ron::from_str(&map).ok())
             })
             .unwrap_or_else(|| {
-                ron::from_str(include_str!("./config/default/dsa.iomap.ron")).unwrap()
+                IoMap::default()
             })
     }
 }

dsa/emulator/frontend/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#![feature(likely_unlikely)]
+#![feature(inherent_associated_types)]
+#![feature(str_as_str)]
+
+pub mod ui;
+pub mod args;
+

dsa/emulator/frontend/src/main.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 use clap::Parser;
 
 use common::prelude::Instruction;
-use dsa::{Emulator, Page, args::DsaArgs, frontend::run_app};
 use std::thread;
+use dsa::args::DsaArgs;
+use dsa::ui::run_app;
+use emu_core::memory::ram::Page;
+use emu_core::processor::processor::Emulator;
 
 const STACK_SIZE: usize = 1024 * 1024 * 16;
 

dsa/emulator/frontend/src/ui/components/controller.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 use std::sync::{Arc, atomic::Ordering};
 
 use super::Component;
-use crate::{MemoryBank, SharedState};
-
 use common::prelude::Register;
+use emu_core::memory::ram::MemoryBank;
+use emu_core::processor::state::SharedState;
 
 pub struct Controller {
     state: Arc<SharedState>,
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ impl Component for Controller {
             //         });
             // }
 
-            // Resets the emulator and all attached devices
+            // Resets the ui and all attached devices
             if ui.button("Reset All").clicked() {
                 self.state.reseting.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
                 self.mem.clear();

dsa/emulator/frontend/src/ui/components/display.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use egui::{Color32, FontId, Vec2};
-
-use crate::{MemoryBank, Page, backend::memory::PhysAddr};
-
+use emu_core::memory::PhysAddr;
+use emu_core::memory::ram::{MemoryBank, Page};
 use super::Component;
 
 pub struct Display {

dsa/emulator/frontend/src/ui/components/editor/mod.rs

@@ -15,9 +15,8 @@ use egui::{Align, Context, Key, Layout, Ui};
 use egui_code_editor::{CodeEditor, ColorTheme, Completer, Syntax};
 use egui_extras::{Column, TableBuilder};
 use egui_file::FileDialog;
-
-use crate::{MemoryBank, Page, SharedState};
-
+use emu_core::memory::ram::{MemoryBank, Page};
+use emu_core::processor::state::SharedState;
 use super::Component;
 
 pub struct Editor {
@@ -86,7 +85,7 @@ impl Component for Editor {
                 Layout::left_to_right(Align::Min),
                 |ui| {
                     if self.show_output {
-                        egui::SidePanel::right("Editor Output").show_inside(ui, |ui| {
+                        egui::SidePanel::right("Editor Output").resizable(false).show_inside(ui, |ui| {
                             self.output.ui(ui, ctx);
                         });
                     }
@@ -327,7 +326,7 @@ impl Editor {
 
     fn render_editor(&mut self, ui: &mut Ui, _ctx: &Context) {
         let available_width = ui.available_width();
-        let mut editor = self.editor.clone().desired_width(available_width - 500.0);
+        let mut editor = self.editor.clone().desired_width(available_width);
         editor.show_with_completer(ui, &mut self.text, &mut self.completer);
     }
 

dsa/emulator/frontend/src/ui/components/framebuffer.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use egui::Vec2;
-
-use crate::{MemoryBank, Page, backend::memory::PhysAddr};
-
+use emu_core::memory::PhysAddr;
+use emu_core::memory::ram::{MemoryBank, Page};
 use super::Component;
 
 pub struct FrameBuffer {

dsa/emulator/frontend/src/ui/components/memory.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use std::num::ParseIntError;
 
 use common::prelude::Instruction;
-
-use crate::{MemoryBank, frontend::components::Component};
+use emu_core::memory::ram::MemoryBank;
+use super::Component;
 
 pub struct MemoryInspector {
     memory: MemoryBank,

dsa/emulator/frontend/src/ui/components/registers.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 use std::{f32, sync::Arc};
 
 use common::prelude::Register;
-
-use crate::SharedState;
+use emu_core::processor::state::SharedState;
 
 use super::Component;
 

dsa/emulator/frontend/src/ui/components/serial.rs

@@ -6,17 +6,16 @@ use std::{
         mpsc::{Receiver, Sender},
     },
 };
-
+use emu_core::memory::PhysAddr;
+use emu_core::memory::ram::MemoryBank;
+use emu_core::processor::interrupts::Interrupt;
+use emu_core::processor::state::SharedState;
 use super::Component;
-use crate::{
-    MemoryBank, SharedState,
-    backend::{memory::PhysAddr, processor::interrupts::Interrupt},
-};
 
-/// ## SERIAL LAYOUT: (from the perspective of code inside the emulator)
+/// ## SERIAL LAYOUT: (from the perspective of code inside the ui)
 /// - [base+0x00]: ser_out valid flag - set by kernel after writing a byte to serial
-/// - [base+0x01]: ser_out byte       - data payload for emulator to read
-/// - [base+0x02]: ser_in valid flag  - set by emulator after writing a byte to serial
+/// - [base+0x01]: ser_out byte       - data payload for ui to read
+/// - [base+0x02]: ser_in valid flag  - set by ui after writing a byte to serial
 /// - [base+0x03]: ser_in byte        - data payload for kernel to read
 pub struct Serial {
     pub read_rx: Receiver<u8>,
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ impl Serial {
             }
 
             let ser_out_valid = mem.read_byte(uart_base + 0);
-            // Kernel => emulator: valid flag in byte 0, data in byte 1
+            // Kernel => ui: valid flag in byte 0, data in byte 1
             if ser_out_valid == 0x01 {
                 let ser_out = mem.read_byte(uart_base + 1);
                 let _ = tx.send(ser_out);

dsa/emulator/frontend/src/ui/mod.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 use eframe::NativeOptions;
 use eframe::egui;
-use std::mem;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
 
 mod components;
 use components::{
-    Component, controller::Controller, display::Display, editor::Editor, framebuffer::FrameBuffer,
-    memory::MemoryInspector, registers::Registers, serial::Serial,
+    controller::Controller, display::Display, editor::Editor, framebuffer::FrameBuffer, memory::MemoryInspector,
+    registers::Registers, serial::Serial, Component,
 };
-
-use crate::{MemoryBank, SharedState, config::VERSION};
+use emu_core::config::VERSION;
+use emu_core::memory::ram::MemoryBank;
+use emu_core::processor::state::SharedState;
 
 pub fn run_app(state: Arc<SharedState>, mem_handle: MemoryBank) -> eframe::Result<()> {
     eframe::run_native(
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ pub fn run_app(state: Arc<SharedState>, mem_handle: MemoryBank) -> eframe::Resul
 
 impl eframe::App for DsaUi {
     fn update(&mut self, ctx: &egui::Context, frame: &mut eframe::Frame) {
-        // request an update from emulator every cycle
+        // request an update from ui every cycle
         self.state.update_req.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
 
         // title panel with dsa title

dsa/emulator/src/backend/mod.rs

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-pub mod memory;
-pub mod processor;

dsa/emulator/src/bin/bench_emu.rs

@@ -1,332 +0,0 @@
-// use common::isa::instructions::Instruction;
-// use dsa::{Emulator, MemoryBank, Page};
-// /// DSA Emulator Benchmark
-// ///
-// /// Place this in `dsa/src/bin/bench.rs` and run with:
-// ///   cargo run --bin bench --release
-// ///
-// /// Three workloads are tested:
-// ///   1. ALU-heavy   — tight arithmetic loop, no memory, no branches
-// ///   2. Memory-heavy — repeated load/store to a working set of addresses
-// ///   3. Branch-heavy — the bf.dsa dispatch pattern (ieq + jnz chains)
-// ///
-// /// Each workload is a hand-assembled flat binary loaded directly into
-// /// the emulator, bypassing all the args/display/IO plumbing.
-// use std::{
-//     thread,
-//     time::{Duration, Instant},
-//     u16,
-// };
-
-// // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// // Minimal no-op memory map + IO so the emulator boots without a config file.
-// // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-// fn make_emulator() -> Emulator {
-//     use dsa::{
-//         config::{MemoryMap, Region, RegionType},
-//         io::display::Display,
-//     };
-
-//     let mmap = MemoryMap {
-//         table_addr: 0x40000,
-//         regions: vec![
-//             Region {
-//                 base: 0x0000_0000,
-//                 size: 0x0010_0000, // 1 MiB RAM
-//                 region_type: RegionType::Usable,
-//                 identity_map_on_boot: true,
-//             },
-//             Region {
-//                 base: 0x0020_0000,
-//                 size: 0x0002_0000, // 128 KiB MMIO (display)
-//                 region_type: RegionType::MMIO,
-//                 identity_map_on_boot: false,
-//             },
-//         ],
-//     };
-
-//     // let iomap = vec![dsa::config::IoMapping {
-//     //     device: dsa::io::DeviceId::Display,
-//     //     base: 0x0020_0000,
-//     //     size: 0x0000_07D0,
-//     // }];
-
-//     // let (display, _handle) = Display::new(80, 25);
-//     // Emulator::new(MemoryBank::new())
-//     //     .with_device(display)
-//     //     .apply_memory_map(mmap)
-//     //     .apply_io_map(iomap)
-//     //     .unwrap()
-// }
-
-// // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// // Instruction encoding helpers (little-endian words)
-// // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-// /// Encode an I-type instruction: [op:6][src:5][dst:5][imm:16]
-// fn enc_i(op: u8, src: u8, dst: u8, imm: u16) -> u32 {
-//     ((op as u32 & 0x3F) << 26)
-//         | ((src as u32 & 0x1F) << 21)
-//         | ((dst as u32 & 0x1F) << 16)
-//         | imm as u32
-// }
-
-// /// Encode an R-type instruction: [op:6][r1:5][r2:5][r3:5][r4:5][u6:6]
-// fn enc_r(op: u8, r1: u8, r2: u8, r3: u8, r4: u8, u6: u8) -> u32 {
-//     ((op as u32 & 0x3F) << 26)
-//         | ((r1 as u32 & 0x1F) << 21)
-//         | ((r2 as u32 & 0x1F) << 16)
-//         | ((r3 as u32 & 0x1F) << 11)
-//         | ((r4 as u32 & 0x1F) << 6)
-//         | (u6 as u32 & 0x3F)
-// }
-
-// // Register indices — must match your Register enum discriminants
-// const RG0: u8 = 0;
-// const RG1: u8 = 1;
-// const RG2: u8 = 2;
-// const RG3: u8 = 3;
-// const RG4: u8 = 4;
-// const RG5: u8 = 5;
-// const ZERO: u8 = 16;
-
-// // Opcodes — must match your Opcode enum discriminants.
-// // Fill these in from your ISA.md / encode.rs.
-// const OP_NOP: u8 = 0x0D; // adjust to match your actual opcode values
-// const OP_HLT: u8 = 0x2B;
-// const OP_ADD: u8 = 0x22;
-// const OP_ADDI: u8 = 0x23;
-// const OP_SUBI: u8 = 0x24;
-// const OP_LDW: u8 = 0x07;
-// const OP_STW: u8 = 0x0A;
-// const OP_LLI: u8 = 0x0B;
-// const OP_LUI: u8 = 0x0C;
-// const OP_IEQ: u8 = 0x0E;
-// const OP_JNZ: u8 = 0x15;
-// const OP_JMP: u8 = 0x12;
-
-// // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// // Workload 1: ALU-heavy
-// //
-// // Counts down from 10_000_000 using subi, jumps back to top.
-// // Pure register arithmetic, no memory accesses after init.
-// // Instruction mix: lli, subi, ieq, jnz, hlt
-// //
-// // Layout (each word at address = index * 4):
-// //   0: lli rg0, 0 (upper half of count)        [lui follows]
-// //   4: lui rg0, <high>
-// //   8: loop: subi rg0, 1, rg0
-// //  12: ieq rg0, zero, rg1
-// //  16: jnz rg1, zero, 8                         [jump to loop]
-// //  20: hlt
-// // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// fn alu_workload() -> Vec<u8> {
-//     let count: u32 = 10_000_000;
-//     let lo = (count & 0xFFFF) as u16;
-//     let hi = ((count >> 16) & 0xFFFF) as u16;
-
-//     let words: &[u32] = &[
-//         enc_i(OP_LLI, 0, RG0, lo), // 0x00: lli rg0, lo(count)
-//         enc_i(OP_LUI, 0, RG0, hi), // 0x04: lui rg0, hi(count)
-//         // loop @ 0x08:
-//         enc_i(OP_SUBI, RG0, RG0, 1),         // 0x08: subi rg0, rg0, 1
-//         enc_r(OP_IEQ, RG0, ZERO, RG1, 0, 0), // 0x0C: ieq rg0, zero, rg1
-//         enc_i(OP_JNZ, RG1, ZERO, 0x0008), // 0x10: jnz rg1, zero, 0x08  <- BUG: jnz jumps when rg1!=0
-//         //   rg1=1 when rg0==0, so we want jez here to keep looping
-//         //   fix: use jez (jump when rg1==0, i.e. rg0!=0)
-//         enc_i(OP_HLT, 0, 0, 0), // 0x14: hlt
-//     ];
-//     // Note: replace OP_JNZ above with your JEZ opcode so the loop continues
-//     // while rg0 != 0. JNZ exits when rg1 != 0, i.e. when rg0 == 0 (done).
-//     // The ieq sets rg1=1 only when rg0==0, so jnz rg1 exits the loop correctly.
-//     // Actually this IS correct: loop while ieq returns 0 (rg0 != 0),
-//     // exit when ieq returns 1 (rg0 == 0). jnz rg1 = jump when rg1 != 0 = jump when done.
-//     // We want to jump BACK while not done, so we need jez:
-//     //   jez rg1, zero, 0x08  = jump back when rg1==0 (rg0 != 0, not done yet)
-//     // Swap OP_JNZ for your JEZ opcode.
-//     words_to_bytes(words)
-// }
-
-// // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// // Workload 2: Memory-heavy
-// //
-// // Repeatedly writes and reads a 64-word working set.
-// // Tests page table lookup performance under repeated memory access.
-// //
-// // rg0 = base address (0x1000, well within RAM, page-aligned)
-// // rg1 = loop counter (1000 outer iterations)
-// // rg2 = inner counter (64 words per pass)
-// // rg3 = scratch for store value
-// // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// fn memory_workload() -> Vec<u8> {
-//     let base: u32 = 0x1000;
-//     let outer: u16 = 1000;
-//     let inner: u16 = 64;
-
-//     let words: &[u32] = &[
-//         // init
-//         enc_i(OP_LLI, 0, RG0, (base & 0xFFFF) as u16), // rg0 = base
-//         enc_i(OP_LLI, 0, RG1, outer),                  // rg1 = outer count
-//         // outer_loop @ 0x08:
-//         enc_i(OP_LLI, 0, RG2, inner),  // rg2 = inner count
-//         enc_i(OP_LLI, 0, RG3, 0xABCD), // rg3 = value to write
-//         // inner_loop @ 0x10:
-//         enc_i(OP_STW, RG3, RG0, 0),          // stw rg3, rg0, 0
-//         enc_i(OP_LDW, RG0, RG3, 0),          // ldw rg0, rg3, 0  (read back)
-//         enc_i(OP_ADDI, RG0, RG0, 4),         // rg0 += 4
-//         enc_i(OP_SUBI, RG2, RG2, 1),         // rg2 -= 1
-//         enc_r(OP_IEQ, RG2, ZERO, RG4, 0, 0), // ieq rg2, zero, rg4
-//         enc_i(OP_JNZ, RG4, ZERO, 0x0010),    // jez rg4 -> inner_loop (swap opcode)
-//         // restore base, dec outer
-//         enc_i(OP_LLI, 0, RG0, (base & 0xFFFF) as u16),
-//         enc_i(OP_SUBI, RG1, RG1, 1),
-//         enc_r(OP_IEQ, RG1, ZERO, RG4, 0, 0),
-//         enc_i(OP_JNZ, RG4, ZERO, 0x0008), // jez rg4 -> outer_loop (swap opcode)
-//         enc_i(OP_HLT, 0, 0, 0),
-//     ];
-//     words_to_bytes(words)
-// }
-
-// // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// // Workload 3: Branch-heavy
-// //
-// // Mimics the bf.dsa dispatch pattern: compare a value against 8 constants,
-// // branch on each. Worst case for branch predictor.
-// // rg0 = current "instruction" (cycles through 8 values)
-// // rg8-rgf = the 8 bf opcode constants
-// // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// fn branch_workload() -> Vec<u8> {
-//     // 8 bf opcodes: + - > < . , [ ]
-//     let opcodes: [u16; 8] = [43, 45, 62, 60, 46, 44, 91, 93];
-//     // We'll cycle rg0 through these values and do the full dispatch chain.
-//     // To keep it self-contained: load opcodes, set outer loop counter,
-//     // inner loop cycles rg0 through all 8 values doing ieq+jnz for each.
-//     let outer: u16 = u16::MAX;
-
-//     let mut w: Vec<u32> = Vec::new();
-
-//     // Load 8 opcode constants into rg8-rgf (regs 8-15)
-//     for (i, &op) in opcodes.iter().enumerate() {
-//         w.push(enc_i(OP_LLI, 0, 8 + i as u8, op));
-//     }
-//     // rg1 = outer counter
-//     w.push(enc_i(OP_LLI, 0, RG1, outer));
-
-//     // outer_loop:
-//     let outer_loop_addr = (w.len() * 4) as u16;
-
-//     // rg5 = inner counter (8 opcodes)
-//     w.push(enc_i(OP_LLI, 0, RG5, 8));
-//     // rg2 = pointer into opcode table (we'll use addi to step rg0 through values)
-//     // For simplicity: just set rg0 to each opcode in sequence via lli each iteration
-//     // This is branch-heavy, not arithmetic-heavy, so the lli overhead is fine.
-//     for (i, &op) in opcodes.iter().enumerate() {
-//         let next_offset = ((w.len() + 4) * 4) as u16; // addr after the jnz
-//         w.push(enc_i(OP_LLI, 0, RG0, op)); // rg0 = opcode
-//         w.push(enc_r(OP_IEQ, RG0, 8 + i as u8, RG4, 0, 0)); // ieq rg0, rgX, rg4
-//         w.push(enc_i(OP_JNZ, RG4, ZERO, next_offset)); // jnz rg4 (jez to skip)
-//         w.push(enc_i(OP_NOP, 0, 0, 0)); // "handler" nop
-//     }
-//     // dec outer, loop
-//     let after_dispatch = (w.len() * 4) as u16;
-//     w.push(enc_i(OP_SUBI, RG1, RG1, 1));
-//     w.push(enc_r(OP_IEQ, RG1, ZERO, RG4, 0, 0));
-//     w.push(enc_i(OP_JNZ, RG4, ZERO, outer_loop_addr)); // jez -> outer_loop
-//     w.push(enc_i(OP_HLT, 0, 0, 0));
-
-//     words_to_bytes(&w)
-// }
-
-// fn words_to_bytes(words: &[u32]) -> Vec<u8> {
-//     words.iter().flat_map(|w| w.to_le_bytes()).collect()
-// }
-
-// // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// // Runner
-// // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-// struct BenchResult {
-//     name: &'static str,
-//     instructions: u64,
-//     elapsed: Duration,
-//     mips: f64,
-// }
-
-// fn run_bench(name: &'static str, binary: Vec<u8>) -> BenchResult {
-//     let mut emu = make_emulator();
-//     let handle = emu.state_handle();
-
-//     let pages: Vec<Page> = Page::paginate(&binary).collect();
-//     for (i, page) in pages.iter().enumerate() {
-//         emu.memory_mut().write_page(i as u32 * 4096, page);
-//     }
-
-//     let start = Instant::now();
-//     // run() blocks until HLT
-//     emu.run().expect("emulator run failed");
-//     let elapsed = start.elapsed();
-
-//     // read clock from emulator — we need to expose it.
-//     // For now, estimate from elapsed + target MIPS.
-//     // TODO: expose emulator.clock() -> u64 and use that directly.
-//     let instructions = handle.proc.load().clock as u64;
-//     let mips = instructions as f64 / elapsed.as_micros() as f64;
-
-//     BenchResult {
-//         name,
-//         instructions,
-//         elapsed,
-//         mips,
-//     }
-// }
-
-// fn main() {
-//     println!("DSA Emulator Benchmark");
-//     println!("======================");
-//     println!();
-
-//     // NOTE: you need to expose `pub fn clock(&self) -> usize` on Emulator
-//     // and ensure `run()` returns normally on HLT without blocking in idle_wait.
-//     // The idle_wait loop currently spins forever after HLT — for benchmarking,
-//     // you want run() to return when the program halts. Add a flag or check:
-//     //   if !self.internal_state.running { break 'emu; }
-//     // after the HLT handler sets running=false.
-
-//     let workloads: &[(&'static str, fn() -> Vec<u8>)] = &[
-//         ("ALU-heavy (10M countdown)", alu_workload),
-//         ("Memory-heavy (64K rw ops)", memory_workload),
-//         ("Branch-heavy (bf dispatch)", branch_workload),
-//     ];
-
-//     let mut results = Vec::new();
-//     for &(name, build) in workloads {
-//         print!("Running {}... ", name);
-//         let binary = build();
-//         let result = run_bench(name, binary);
-//         println!("done ({:.1}ms)", result.elapsed.as_secs_f64() * 1000.0);
-//         results.push(result);
-//     }
-
-//     println!();
-//     println!(
-//         "{:<35} {:>12} {:>12} {:>10}",
-//         "Workload", "Instructions", "Time", "MIPS"
-//     );
-//     println!("{}", "-".repeat(72));
-//     for r in &results {
-//         println!(
-//             "{:<35} {:>12} {:>10.1}ms {:>10.1}",
-//             r.name,
-//             r.instructions,
-//             r.elapsed.as_secs_f64() * 1000.0,
-//             r.mips,
-//         );
-//     }
-
-//     let avg_mips: f64 = results.iter().map(|r| r.mips).sum::<f64>() / results.len() as f64;
-//     println!("{}", "-".repeat(72));
-//     println!("{:<35} {:>35.1} MIPS avg", "Overall", avg_mips);
-// }
-
-fn main() {}

dsa/emulator/src/config/default/dsa.iomap.ron

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-[
-    IoMapping(
-        device: Display,
-        base: 0x0002_0000,
-        size: 0x0000_07D0, // 2000 bytes (80x25)
-    ),
-]

dsa/emulator/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-#![feature(likely_unlikely)]
-#![feature(inherent_associated_types)]
-#![feature(str_as_str)]
-
-pub mod args;
-pub mod backend;
-pub mod config;
-pub mod frontend;
-
-pub use backend::memory::ram::*;
-pub use backend::{processor::processor::Emulator, processor::state::SharedState};